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10th social Science History Chapter-5 - Social and Religious Reform Movements in the 19Th Century Book solutions Question and answer. You can Download PDF Class 10th Social Science notes,Guide for tamil medium and English medium. Tamil nadu samacheer Kalvi New syllabus 2020-2021
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10th social Science History Chapter-5 - Social and Religious Reform Movements in the 19Th Century Book solutions
Unit-5 - HISTORY
1.Outbreak Of World War I And Its Aftermath
2.The World Between Two World War
4.The World After World War II
5.Social and Religious Reform Movements in the 19Th Century
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Choose the Correct Answer
1. In which year was Sati abolished?
a) 1827
c) 1826
b) 1829
d) 1927
Ans: b) 1829
2. What was the name of the Samaj that was founded by Dayanand Saraswati?
a) Arya Samaj Social Science
c) Prarthana Samaj
b) Brahmo Samaj
d) Adi Brahmo Samaj
Ans: a) Arya Samaj
3. Whose campaign and work led to the enactment of Widow Remarriage Reform Act of 1856?
a) Iswarchandra Vidyasagar
c) Annie Besant Vidyasagar
b) Aligarh Movement
d) Dravida MahajanaSabha
Ans: a) Iswarcahndra
4. Whose voice was Rast Goftar?
a) Parsi Movement
c) Ramakrishna Mission
b) Raja RamMohan Roy
d) Jyotiba Phule
Ans: a) Parsi Movement
5.WhowasthefounderofNamdhariMovement?
a) Baba Dayal Das
c) Gurunanak
b) Baba Ramsingh
d) Jyotiba Phule
Ans: b) Baba Ramsingh
6. Who was Swami Shradhananda?
a) a disciple of Swami Vivekananda
b) one who caused split in Brahmo Samaj of India
c) one who caused split in the Arya Samaj
d) founder of Samathuva Samajam.
Ans: c) one who caused split in ArSaraswathi.
7. Who was the founder of Widow Remarriage Association?
a) M.G. Ranade
c) Jyotiba Phule
b) Devendranath Tagore
d) Ayyankali
Ans: a) M.G.Ranade
8. Who was the author of the book Satyarthaprakash?
a) Dayananda Saraswathi
c) Annie Besant
b) Vaikunda Swamy
d) Swami Shradanatha
Ans: a) Dayananda Saraswathi
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Fill in the blanks
1. __________ founded the Samarasa Vedha Sanmarga Sangam.
Ans: Ramalinga Swamigal
2.The founder of Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was __________ .
Ans: Mahadev Govind Ranade
3.Satyashodak Samaj was launched by __________.
Ans: Jyotiba Phule
4.Gulumgir was written by __________.
Ans: Jyotiba Phule The Book
5.Satyarthaprakash enumerates the positive principles of __________.
Ans: Swami Dayananda Saraswathi
6.Ramakrishna Mission was established by _________.
Ans: Swami Vivekananda
7. __________ was the forerunner of Akali Movement.
Ans: Singh Sabha
8.__________ brought tremendous changes in the caste structure in Kerala.
Ans: NarayanaGuru
9.Oru Paisa Tamilan was started by __________.
Ans: Iyothee Thassar
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Choose the Correct Statement
1. i) Raja RamMohan Roy preached monotheism.
ii) He encouraged idolatry. (F)
iii) He published tracts against condemning social evils. (T)
iv) Raja RamMohan Roy was supported by GovernorGeneral William Bentinck. (T)
a) i) is correct
c) i) , ii) and iii)are correct
b) i) and ii) are correct
d) i) , iii) and iv)are correct
Ans: d) i), iii) and iv)are correct
2. i) Prarthana Samaj was founded by Dr. Atma Ram Pandurang. (T)
ii) Prarthana Samaj encouraged interdining and inter-caste marriage. (T)
iii) Jyotiba Phule worked for the upliftment of men. (F)
iv) Prarthana Samaj had it’s origin in the Punjaassertion
a) i) is correct
c) i) and ii) are correct 81 GanGa
b) iii) and iv) are correct
d) ii) is correct
Ans: c) i) and ii) are correct
3. i)Ramakrishna Mission actively involved in social causes such as education, health care, relief in time of calamities. (T)
ii) Ramakrishna emphasised the spiritual union with god through ecstatic practices. (T)
iii) Ramakrishna established the Ramakrishna Mission. (F)
iv) Ramakrishna opposed the Partition of Bengal. (F)
a) i) is correct
c) iii) is correct
b) i) and ii) are correct d)
iv) alone correct
Ans: b) i) and ii) are correct
4. Assertion (A) : Jyotiba Phule opened orphanage and homes for widows.
Reason (R) : Jyotiba Phule opposed child marriage and supported widow remarriage.
a) Assertion is correct but reason is not apt to the assertion
b) Assertion is correct and the reason is apt to the assertion
c) Both are wrong
d) Reason is correct but assertion is irrelevant
Ans: a) Assertion is correct but reason is not apt to the assertion
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Answer briefly (10th social science 5 mark questions)
1. Mention the four articles of faith laid down by Maharishi Debendranath Tagore?
The four articles of faith are In the beginning there was nothing. The one Supreme Being alone existed who created the Universe.
HealoneistheGodofTruth,InfiniteWisdom,Goodness,andPower,eternal, omnipresent, the One without second.
Our salvation depends on belief in Him and in His worship in this world and the next.
Belief consists in loving Him and doing His will.
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2. Discuss Mahadev Govind Ranade’s contribution to social reforms?
Mahadev Govind Ranade was one of the distinguished members of Prarthana Samaj.
He devoted his life develop inter-caste marriage, widow remarriage and improvement of women and depressed classes.
He was the founder of the Widow Marriage Association, the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha and Deccan Education Society.
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3.Assess the role of a thank a loincloth ting do“untouchables.”
The discrimination faced as a child turned him into a leader of an anti-caste movement.
He fought for basic rights including access to public spaces and entry to schools.
As a protest, he wore clothes associated with upper castes that were prohibited for lower castes.
He rode on an ox-cart challenging the ‘ban’ on untouchables from accessing public roads used by caste Hindus.
He campaigned and raised funds to educate the lower caste Pulaya people.
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4. Write a note on reforms of Ramalinga Adigal ?
He showed his compassion and mercy on all living things including plants.
He established the Samarasa Vedha Sanmarga Sangam which means ‘Society for Pure Truth in Universal self-hood’.
He also established a free feeding house for everyone irrespective of caste at Vadalur.
His voluminous songs were compiled and published under the title ‘Thiruvarutpa’.
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5. What was the impact of Swami Vivekananda’s activist ideology?
He emphasized a cultural nationalism and made a call to Indian youth to regenerate Hindu Society.
Vivekananda’s activist ideology rekindled the desire for political change among many western-education young Bengalis.
Many of the youths who were involved in the militant nationalist struggle during the Swadeshi Movement inspired by Vivekananda.
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6. What are the differences between Reformist Movements and Revival Movements?
Reformist Movement :
The movement that believes that gradual change through and within existing institutions can ultimately change the fundamental system and structure of society.
Example – Brahmo Samaj.
Revival Movement:
It is a movement to revive a valuable social or religious institution which seems to be dying or being diluted. Its tendency or desire is to revive a former customs and practices.
Examaple – Arya Samaj.
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7. List the social evils eradicated by Brahmo Samaj ?
Sati was abolished. It tried to eradicate idol worship, subjugation(suppression) of women, , polygamy, child marriage, meaningless religious rites and ceremonies.
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8. Highlight the work done by Jyotiba Phule for the welfare of the poor and the marginalized?
Heopenedthefirstschoolfor‘untouchables’inPoona.
He launched the ‘Satyashodak Samaj (Truth Seekers Society) to stir the nonBrahmin masses to self-respect and ambition.
He opposed child marriage and supported widow remarriage.
Jyotiba Phule and his wife, Savitribai Phule devoted their lives for the uplift of the depressed classes and women.
Jyotiba Phule opened orphanages and homes for widows.
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9. What was the impact of IyotheeThassar’s visit to SriLanka.
Iyothee Thassar visited Sri Lanka in 1898 and converted to Buddhism.
In the same year, he founded the Sakya Buddhist Society at Madras to construct the rational religious philosophy through Buddhist religion.
He stated that the revival of Buddhism could liberate the people from the evil of caste that badly affected the Hindus society.
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Answer the following in detail (10th social science 8 Mark questions)
1. Compare and contrast the contributions of Revivalist Movements with that of Reform Movements ?
Revival Movement is a movement to revive a valuable social or religious institution which seems to be dying or being diluted. Its tendency or desire is to revive a former customs and practices.
Example – Arya Samaj.
Reformist Movement believes that gradual change through and within existing institutions can ultimately change the fundamental system and structure of society.
Example – Brahmo Samaj.
Comparison :
The key similarity between these movements was that all of them wanted to change the status quo in the society wherein several deformities had crept in.
All of them, in some way or other, attacked on inhuman practices such as sati, female infanticide, child marriage etc. along with superstitions, complex rituals and so on.
Contrast:
Revivalist movements tended to revive former customs or practices and thus take the society back to the glorious past. The reformist movements strived to change the fundamental system and structures of the society through gradual changes within the existing institutionwere
Revivalist movements believed that the western thinking and missionary propaganda would ruin Indian culture. So, there was a need to protect the religion. They were alsoinfluencedbytherichculturalheritageofIndiabroughttolightbythewestern scholars.
Thereformistmovementsrespondedwiththetimeandscientifictemperofthe modern era. The spread of western education and liberal ideas were the main reasons for emergence of reform movements In India.
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2. Discuss the circumstances that led to the Reform movements of 19th century ?
Political,administrativeandlegalunificationunderthecolonialrulehelpedin bringing people closer mainly because of the development in transportation and communication.
Emergenceofenlightenedmiddleclasswhobenefitedbythewesterneducation produced early leaders of the socio-religious reform movements. The modern western education acted as fuel for liberalism, rationalism and humanism.
The press acted as a medium of communication. They were used as an instrument for building opinion. The newspapers started with a view to disseminate nationalist and reformist ideas among the people.
The scholars and writers like Raja Rammohan Roy, Bankim Chandra Chatterji, Keshab Chandra Sen combined the literary traditions of the past and the modern cultural developments which encouraged socio-cultural awakening.
The reform movements were an integral part of the emerging anti-colonial consciousness. New cultural situation emerged under the British rule were an attempt to defend the indigenous culture from blind aping of the western culture.
The Christian missionaries often denounced the Hindu customs and beliefs. It made the Indian intellectuals realize the need to clean the Indian society from social evils and practices based on blind faith in religion.
The urge for reforms was prompted by the need to get rid of various social and religious ills like polytheism, idolatry, casteism and gender bias.
It was an attempt to rejuvenate the social institutions in the wake of colonial conquest.
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3. Evaluate the contributions of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa and Swami Vivekananda to regenerate Indian society.
Vivekananda to regenerate Indian society. Ramakrishna and Vivekananda are the 19th century God-man of India. The philosophies of Ramkrishna Paramhansa and Vivekananda moved around harmony of religions. They are the not supporter of any cult and showed a new path to salvation. Their message was God-consciousness. Their contribution to regenerate Indian society were
Ramakrishna :
He accepted the sanctity of all faiths and criticised idolatry and other orthodox Hindu practices.
He emphasised the spiritual union with god through delightful practices such as singing bhajans.
In his view, all religions contain the universal elements which would lead to salvation.
He said ‘Jiva is Siva’ (all living beings are god).
The best way to serve God is to serve mankind. It is the motto of Ramakrishna Mission.
Vivekananda:
He advocated the practical Vedanta of service to humanity and attacked the tendency to defend every institution simply because it was connected with religion.
He emphasised a cultural nationalism and made a call to Indian youth to regenerate Hindus society.
The question that agitated him was the degenerated condition of his motherland.
After an all-India tour, he found that “poverty, immorality, loss of mental vigour and no hope for the future were prevalent everywhere.
Vivekananda frankly stated, “We are responsible for all our misery and all our degradation”.
He urged his countrymen to work for their own salvation. So, he took upon himself the task of awakening his countrymen and reminding them of their weaknesses.
Hisideasbredasenseofself-confidenceamongIndianswhofeltinferiorinrelation to the materialist achievements of the West.
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4. Write an essay on the role played by the 19th century reformers towards the cause of Women.
With the invasion of foreigners, a number of social evils such as sati, female infanticide, Child marriage spread the society. The condition of women in the society was horrible. So, the improve their condition, a number of reformers emerged and devoted their life to remove the social eveils and uplift the women.
Raja Rammohan Roy:
He was notable social reformer of India and also the founder of Brahmo Samaj.
The main contribution of Raja Ram Mohan Roy was his relentless efforts in abolishing the practice of Sati system.
He began a movement to abolish this barbaric custom and persuaded the British Government to pass an Act abolishing Sati in 1829.
He supported and advocated women’s right to education and their equal social status.
Swmai Dayanand Saraswati:
He started the reform movement in the Punjab in the name of Arya Samaj.
He started campaign against Untouchability, Child Marriage, etc.
He supported inter-caste marriages and widow remarriages.
Further, he encouraged Sudras and women’s right to read Vedas and to attain high education.
Ishwar Chandra vidyasagar:
His main contribution was towards the uplifting the status of the women in the society.
He argued against polygamy and child marriage and said that there is no sanction in Hindu religious texts for these practices.
He was a great supporter of widow remarriages. In those times, the condition of widows among Hindus was very pathetic. Vidyasagar worked persistently to elevate their position.
Because of his effort, the Widow Remarriage Act, 1856 was passed which gave rights to widows to marry again.
Jyotiba Phule:
Hisfirstandforemostworkwasinthefieldofwomen’seducation.
In1848,Jyotibaopenedaschoolforgirls;itwasafirstgirls’schooleverinthe country. His wife Savitribai taught there as a teacher.
In1848,Jyotibaopenedaschoolforgirls;itwasafirstgirls’schooleverinthecountry.
In 1851, he started a bigger and better school for girls which became very popular. There was no discrimination on the lines of religion, caste or creed and everyone was welcomed to study there.
Jyotiba was also against child-marriages and was a great supporter of widow remarriage; he was very sympathetic to the cause of distressed women and opened a home for such poor and exploited women.
Dr. Atma Ram Pandurnag:
Dr. Atma Ram Pandurang was the founder of Arya Samaj. It worked for the development of women.
He devoted his life for the inter-caste dining, inter-caste marriage, widow remarriage and improvement of women and depressed classes.
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10th social science unit- Time line
