10th social Science unit-8 digital Guide - HISTORY - Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu
10th social Science digital Guide
10th social Science History Chapter-8 -
Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu
Book solutions Question and answer. You can Download PDF Class 10th Social Science notes,Guide for tamil medium and English medium. Tamil nadu samacheer Kalvi New syllabus 2020-2021
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10th social Science History Chapter-8 -
Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu
Book solutions
Unit-8 - HISTORY
Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu
Unit -9 - Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu
I. Choose the correct answer.
1.Who was the first President of the Madras Mahajana Sabha?
a) T.M. Nair
b) P. Rangaiah
c) G. Subramaniam
d) G.A. Natesan
Answer: b) P. Rangaiah
2.Where was the third session of the Indian national congress held ,?
a) Marina
b) Mylapore
c) Fort St. George
d) Thousand Lights
Answer: d) Thousand Lights
3.Who said “Better bullock carts and freedom than a train deluxe with subjection"?
a) Annie Besant
b) M. Veeraraghavachari
c) B.P. Wadia
d) G.S. Arundale
Answer: a) Annie Besant
4.Who among the following were swarajists?
a) S. Satyamurti
b) Kasturirangar
c) P. Subbarayan
d ) Periyar EVR
Answer:a)S.Sathyamurti
5.Who setup the satyagraha camp Udhayavanam near Madras?
a) K. Kamaraj
b) C. Rajaji
c) K. Santhanam
d) T. Prakasam
Answer:d)Prakasam
6.Where was the anti-Hindi Conference held?
a) Erode
b) Madras
c) Salem
d) Madurai
Answer:c)Salem
II.Fill in the blanks.
1.________was appointed the first Indian judge of the Madras High court.
Answer:T.MuthuSwami
2. Nilakanta Brahmachari started the secret society named ________.
Answer:BharathaMathaSociety
3. The Dravidian Association Hostel for non-Brahmin students was established by ________.
Answer:C.Natesanar
4.________formed the first congress Ministry in Madras.
Answer: Rajaji
5. ________ was the founder of the Madras branch of the Muslim League.
Answer:YakubHasan
6.________hoisted the national flag atop fort.St.George on 26 January 1932.
Answer: Bhashyam
III. Choose the correct statement.
1. (i) Madras Native Association was founded in 1852. (T)
(ii) Tamil nationalist periodical Swadesamitran was started in 1891. (T)
(iii) The Madras Mahajana Sabha demanded conduct of civil services examinations only in India. (F)
(iv) V.S. Srinivasanar was an extremist. (F)
a) (i) and (ii) are correct
b) (iii) is correct
c) (iv) is correct
d) All are correct
Answer: a) i) and ii) are correct
2. (i) EVR did not participate in the Non- Cooperation Movement. (F)
(ii) Rajaji worked closely with Yakub Hasan of the Muslim League. (T)
(iii) Workers did not participate in the Non-Cooperation Movement. (F)
(iv) Toddy shops were not picketed in Tamil Nadu. (F)
a) (i) and (ii) are correct
b) (i) and (iii) are correct
c) (ii) is correct
d) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct
Answer: c) ii) is correct
IV. Match the following.
1. MNA – a) Anti-Hindi agitation
2. EVR Periyar – b) Removal of Neill Statue
3. S.N. Somayajulu – c) Salt Satyagraha
4. Vedaranyam – d) Torture Commission
5. Thalamuthu – e) Vaikom Hero
Ans: 1.d 2.e 3.b 4.c 5.a
V.Answer briefly.
1. List out the contribution of the moderates.
- The primary contribution of moderates lies in exposing the liberal claims of the British.
- They exposed how the British exploited Indian and hypocrisy in following democratic principles in England and
- The moderates are exposed the methods of imposing an unrepresentative government in the colonies by the British.
2.WriteanoteontheTirunelveliUprising.
- In 1908, V.O.C and Subramania Siva led a strike in the European-owned Coral Mills. It coincided with the release of Bipin Chandra Pal.
- V.O.C and Subramania Siva, who organized a public meeting to celebrate the release of Bipin Chandra Pal, were arrested.
- They were charged with sedition and sentenced to rigorous imprisonment.
- The news of the arrest of these popular leaders sparked riots in Tirunelveli leading to the burning down of the police station,court building and municipal office.
- It led to the death of four people in police firing.
- ThisisknownasTirunelveliUprising.
- Annie Besant started a Home Rule League in Chennai. The League carried on propaganda in favour of Home Rule Movement of Self Government of Indians.
- She created tremendous enthusiasm among people by her speeches and writings.
- She started New India and Commonweal, news papers to carry forward her agenda.
- Annie Besant and her followers played a key role in organising the working classes by forming trade unions.
- Due to her hard work, the British promised responsible Government to the people of India by stages after the First World War.
1.discuss the response to Swadesh I movement in Tamolnadu.
- The partition of Bengal (1905) led to the Swadeshi movement and changed the course of the struggle for freedom.
- The Congress carried on a vigorous campaign to boycott of foreign goods and promote national education.
- The Swadeshi movement had its deep impact in Tamil Nadu.
- Public meetings were organized in various parts of Tamilnadu.
- V.O. Chidambaram Pillai, V. Chakkarai Chettiar, Subramania Bharati, and Ethiraj Surendranath Arya were some of the prominent leaders in Tamil Nadu.
- Subaramania Bharati’s patriotic songs kindled the patriotic emotions among the people.
- Many journals were started to propagate Swadeshi ideals. Swadeshamitran and India were prominent journals.
- Students and youth participated widely in the Swadeshi Movement.
Swadesh is team navigation company
- One of the important event of Swadeshi movement was launching of the Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company at Thoothukudi by V.O. Chidambaram Pillai.
- He purchased two ships Gallia and lavo and plied them between Thoothukudi and Colombo.
- Due to cutthroat competition from the European company, V.O.C’s efforts ended in failure. TirunelveliUprising: z V.O.C and Subramania Siva, who organized a public meeting to celebrate the release of Bipin Chandra Pal, were arrested.
- The news of the arrest of these popular leaders sparked riots in Tirunelveli leading to the burning down of the police station,court building and municipal office.
- It led to the death of four people in police firing.This is known asTirunelveli Uprising.
- The brutal crackdown on Swadeshi leaders virtually brought the Swadeshi Movement to a close in Tamil Nadu.
- The rapid growth in education in the Madras Presidency led an increase in the number of educated non-Brahmins.
- The educated non-Brahmins raised the issue of caste discrimination and unequal opportunities in government employment and representation in elected bodies, which were dominated by the Brahmins. Madras Dravidian Association
- The non-Brahmins organized themselves into political organizations to protect their interests. So, in 1912 the Madras Dravidian Association was founded. z In June 1916, D.Natesanar established the Dravidian Association Hostel for the nonBrahmin students.
- He also played a key role in bridging the differences between two leading nonBrahmin leaders of the time Dr. T.M. Nair and P. Thyagaraya Chetti. SouthIndianLiberalFederation z On 20 November 1916, a meeting of about thirty non-Brahmins was held under the leadership of P. Tyagaraya Chetti, Dr. T.M. Nair and C. Natesa Mudaliar at Victoria Public Hall in Chennai.
- The South Indian Liberal Federation (SILF) was founded to promote the interests of the non-Brahmins. z They also launched three newspapers in Justice in English, Dravidian in Tamil and Andhra Prakasika in Telugu. Soon, the SILF began to be popularly known as Justice Party.
Justice Party:
- The Justice Party demanded communal representation (i.e. representation for various communities in society).
- The Madras government was also supportive of the Justice Party as the latter believed that the English rule was conducive for the development of the non-Brahmins.
- The Act of 1919 provided reservation of seats to non-Brahmins, a move criticized by the Congress but welcomed by the Justice Party
- The Madras session of the Indian National Congress in 1927 declared complete independence as its goal. In 1930, Gandhi announced the Civil Disobedience movement.
- In 1929, the Congress session was held at Lahore. In that session, Poorna Swaraj (complete independence) was adopted as the goal of Indians.
- On26thJanuary1930,the national flag was hoisted by jawharlal Nehru on the banks of river Ravi as the declaration of independence.
- Tamil Nadu was in the forefront of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- The movement was a mass movement with the participation of students, shopkeepers, workers, women, etc.
- Demonstrations, hartals, staging of swadeshi dramas and songs were the order the day in both rural and urban areas.
- Rajaji organized and led a salt satyagraha march to Vedaranyam.
- Among the thousands who volunteered, hundred were chosen for the march.
- The march started from Tiruchirappalli on 13 April 1930 and reached Vedaranyam in Thanjavur district on 28 April.
- Despite a brutal crackdown by the police, the marching satyagrahis were provided a warm reception along the route. On reaching Vedaranyam, 12 volunteers under the leadership of Rajaji broke the salt law by picking up salt.
- Rajaji, T.S.S. Rajan, Mrs. Rukmani Lakshmipathi, Sardar Vedarathnam Pillai, C.Swaminatha Chetty and K. Santhanam were among the prominent leaders who participated in the Vedaranyam Salt Satyagraha.Spread of the movement:
- The satyagrahis under the leadership of T. Prakasam and K. Nageswara Rao set up a camp at Udayavanam near Madras. However, the police arrested them. It led to hartal in Madras.
- The clashes with the police in Tiruvallikeni which lasted for three hours on 27 April 1930 left three dead.
- Volunteers who attempted to offer salt Satyagraha in Rameswaram were arrested.
- Similar attempts were made at Uvari, Anjengo, Veppalodai, Thoothukudi and Tharuvaikulam.
- Woman participated enthusiastically.
- Ruk mani Lakshmipathi was the first woman to pay penalty for violation of salt laws.