Geography unit -4
India - Resources and Industries - Book back Question and Answer solutions
I. Choose the correct answer.
1. Manganese is used in ________.
a) Storage batteries
b) Steel Making
c) Copper smelting
d) Petroleum Refining
Answer: b) Steel making
2. The Anthracite coal has ________.
a) 80 to 95% Carbon
b) Above 70% Carbon
c) 60 to 70% Carbon
d) Below 50% Carbon
Answer: a) 80 to 95% coal
3. The most important constituents of petroleum are hydrogen and
a) Oxygen
b) Water
c) Carbon
d) Nitrogen
Answer: d) Nitrogen
4. The city which is called as the Manchester of South India is
a) Chennai
b) Salem
c) Madurai
d) Coimbatore
Answer: d) Coimbatore
5.The first nuclear power station was commissioned in
a) Gujarat
b) Rajasthan
c) Maharashtra
d) Tamil nadu
Answer: c) Maharashtra
6. The most abundant source of energy is
a) Bio mass
b) Sun
c) Coal
d) Oil
Answer: b) Sun
7. The famous Sindri Fertilizer Plant is located in
a) Jharkhand
b) Bihar
c) Rajasthan
d) Assam
Answer: a) Jharkhand.
8. The nucleus for the development of the chotanagpur plateau region is
a) Transport
b) Mineral Deposits
c) Large demand
d) Power Availability
Answer: b) Mineral deposits
II. Match the following.
1. Bauxite - a) Cement
2.Gypsum - b) Aircraft
3.Black Gold -c) Electrical goods
4.Iron ore -d) Coal
5. Mica -e)Magnetite
Answer: 1.b 2.a 3.d 4.e 5.c
III.Answer the following questions briefly.
1.Define the resource and state it's types.
.Energy derived from the environment that is used by living things including human is called as natural resources.
.Natural resources include air, water, soil, minerals, fossil fuels, plants, wild life, etc.
. Natural resources are classified into two such as i) Renewable resources and ii) Non-renewal resources.
.Renewable resources are those which have natural regeneration after their utilisation.
Ex: solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy and wave energy.
.Non-renewable resources are the sources that cannot be replaced again after utilisation.
Ex: Coal, petroleum and natural gas.
2. What are minerals and state its type?
.Minerals are the natural substance of organic or inorganic origin with definite chemical and physical properties.
. Minerals are broadly grouped under two categories. They are i) metallic and ii) nonmetallic minerals.
. Metallic minerals are the mineral which contain one or more metallic elements in them. Ex. Gold and copper.
.Non-metallic minerals do not contain metal in them. Ex. Mica, limestone and coal.
3. State the uses of magnesium.
. It is important mineral used for making iron and steel and serves as basic raw material for alloying.
.It is also used in manufacturing of bleaching powder, insecticides, paints and batteries.
.Due to its light weight and strength, it is used in making many vehicle parts especially in trucks and automobiles.
4. What is natural gas?
.Natural gas usually accompanies the petroleum accumulations.
. It is naturally occurring hydro carbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane
.But, commonly includes varying amounts of other higher alkanes and sometimes a small percentage of carbon-dioxide, nitrogen and hydrogen sulphides.
. It is formed when layers of decomposed plants and animals are exposed to intense heat and pressure over thousands of years.
. It is used as a source of energy for heating, cooking and electricity generation.
5. Name the different types of coal with their carbon content.
Coal is available in the form of sedimentary rocks. Based on carbon content, it is classified in to the following types.
S.No.
1.
2.
3.
4. Types of coal Anthracite Bituminous Lignite Carbon content 80 to 90 % carbon 60 to 80 % carbon 40 to 60 % carbon Peat Less than 40% carbon
6. Mention the major areas of jute production in India.
.India tops in the production of raw jute and jute goods and second in the export of jute goods next to Bangladesh.
. The major jute producing areas in India are West Bengal and concentrated along the Hoogly River within the radius of six kilometre of Kolkata.
.Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, chhattisgarh and Odisha are the other jute good producing areas.
7. Name the important oil producing regions of India.
Petroleum is oil obtained from rocks of the Earth. So, it is also called Mineral oil. Oil in India is obtained from on-shore areas as well as off-shore areas.
They are
. Mumbai High oil fields
.Gujarat Coast
.Aliabet oil field, South of Bhavanagar
.Ankaleshwar
.Cambay-Luni Region
.Bharmaputra Valley
V. Answer the following in a paragraph.
1. Write about the distribution of cotton textile industries in India.
Textile is a broad term which includes cotton, jute, wool, silk and synthetic fibre textiles. The first cotton textile mill was established at Fort Gloster near Kolkata in 1818.
Cotton textile industry:
.Traditional sectors like hand loom, handicrafts and small power-loom units are the biggest source of employment for millions of people in rural and semi urban areas.
.The cotton textile industries contribute about 7% of industrial output, 2% of India’s GDP and 15% of the country’s export earnings.
. It is one of the largest sources of employment generation in the country. Manchester of India: Black cotton soil in Maharashtra, humid climate, Mumbai port, availability of hydro power, good market and well developed transport facility favour the cotton textile industries in Mumbai. The higher concentration of textile mills in and around Mumbai makes it as “Manchester of India”.
Textile Industries in Tamil Nadu:
Erode, Tirupur, Karur, Chennai, Thirunelveli, Madurai, Thoothukudi, Salem and Virudhunagar are the major cotton textiles centres in Tamil Nadu. Distribution of cotton textile industries The major cotton textile industries are concentrated in the states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Manchester of South India: Coimbatore is the most important centre of Tamil Nadu with 200 mills out of its 435 mills. So it is called ‘Manchester of South India.
2. Describe the major challenges of Indian industries.
Industries in India face many problems. Some major problems are listed below
. Shortage and fluctuation in power supply
.Non-availability of large blocks of land
.Poor access to credit
.High rate of interest for borrowed loan
.Non-availability of cheap labourers
.Lack of technical and vocational training for employees
.Inappropriate living conditions nearby industrial estates.
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